Studia Kinanthropologica, 2014 (vol. 15), issue 3
Popularity of sports games implemented during physical education from the perspective of pupils attending urban and rural lower secondary schools
Š. Adamčák, M. Nemec
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):123-130 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.048 
Due to the alarming findings concerning the teaching of Physical Education in Slovakia, the authors focus on examining the contribution of sub-problems related to the quality and attractiveness of the teaching process. By using survey they find popularity and opinions of 271 pupils of second grade at rural and urban lower secondary schools in the district Kysucké Nové Mesto in terms of preferences of individual and collective, contact and non-contact sports games, as part of Physical Education. They found that the popularity of Physical Education in the surveyed sample reaches 57.33 %, higher by boys. They also confirmed that the most popular thematic...
Analysis of performance running men 1500 m in the Czech Republic between 1945-2013
P. Bahenský, M. Semerád
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):131-140 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.049
One of the main principles of sports is improvement of performance. Based on an expert and statistical analysis, our aim was to determine the impulses that affect the development of performance in the given sport or discipline in the Czech Republic. Results may help better planning and implementation of sport trainings. The 1.500-metre run is one of the basic athletic disciplines. Performance in the 1.500-metre run has been unbalanced since the World War Two up to the present time and it has been influenced by many aspects. After a virtually continuous growth of performance until the year 1965, the growth of performance slowed down. The period of the...
Hypokinesis - causes and consequences
V. Bunc
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):141-145 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.050
The movement is a basic human need, the lack of which has body any actual, relevant information. As a result of the ever-decreasing amount of physical activity is implemented sedentary lifestyle. Hypokinesis, defined as lack of movement without objective reasons, is due to the insufficient supply of appropriate physical activities especially in children. This is reflected in the lack of fitness and low physical literacy in young and adult population. The result is a variety of health complications, starting with overweight and obesity and hypertension, diabetes mellitus 2. type, and other chronic non-infectious diseases type ending on the one hand...
Comparison of test results female middle runners the eighties of the 20th century and contemporary in the laboratory and in the field
P. Červinka
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):147-151 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.051
The aim of the study was to compare the results of tests on maximal oxygen uptake on the treadmill and field lactate test in elite Czech female middle distance runners 80s and the present. Current female runners has worst performances than 80s female runners (with a few exceptions). Therefore we performed comparison of the results of selected tests, if we find significant differences in the results between these two groups. Mutual comparison and experts processing, we confirmed the considerable variability of measured values and at the same time, some better significant parameters for runners 80 years of the 20th century. At the same time it was shown...
Comparison of body composition by children from different socio-economic regions
M. Česák, J. Holický, P. Česák, V. Bunc
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):153-160 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.052
The main aim of this work is comparison selected parameters of body composition by children aged 10-11 years from different regions. Another aim is comparison selected parameters of body composition boys and girls separately. Measurement probands belong to two different socio-economic regions (Prague, Most). The difference is in the percentage of unemployment, average wages, average number of crimes per 1 000 population, average number of physicians per 1 000 population. These facts have impact on the lifestyle that has a significant effect on body composition. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis device BIA 2000-M. The...
Impact of speed - reaction ability of the recreational badminton players - intervention programme
L. Doležalová, P. Korvas
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):161-166 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.053
The goal of this contribution is to evaluace the quick reaction abilities of the badminton players and to do an analysis of the intervention programme which was used for this research. In the pilot study we focus on the reaction abilities of the badminton players and the changes caused by correctly chosen intervention programme. Our study is based on the question if the level of reaction abilities of the recreational badminton players can be influenced by the intervention training programme and if so, whether this change is going to be significiant or not. The individual parts of the intervention programme are described with more details in the contribution....
Kinesiology aspects of double poling and V2 skating technique
R. Horyna, R. Bačáková, D. Špulák, B. Kračmar, R. Čmejla
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):167-173 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.054
The aim of this study is comparison of involvement upper body muscles during double pole by V2 skating technique and double poling of elite cross-country skier (member of the Czech U-23 team). We used the surface electromyographic method (sEMG) to observe critical points of activation and subsequent deactivation selected upper body muscles during one average cycle. For monitoring of the electrical activity of muscles we used ME6000 equipment. For the analysis we used the program Mega Win, computing system MATLAB version R2012b and our own skripts with algorithms. Although from kinematical point of view it can seem to be both locomotion similar, from...
The integration of a child with down syndrome into physical and sports education at elementary school
L. Král, P. Janáč
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):175-181 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.055
The paper presents long term research findings resulting from the integration of a girl diagnosed with Down syndrome and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in the school subject of Physical and Sports Education at elementary school. The authors describe the potency of experimental factor to integrate a child with DS, of factors affecting her health status, locomotor abilities and skills. The experimental factor was the exercises chosen from various thematic units, ranging from serial exercises to course forms of teaching swimming and skiing. The results explicitly proved the improvement in the categories of locomotor tests that were pursued....
Weekly range of physical activity and its relation to the values of BMI at the students of University of South Bohemia
V. Kukačka, P. Šamánek
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):183-188 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.056
The aim was to assess whether relationships exist between the number of weekly physical activity and BMI in a group of students of the University of South Bohemia in the Czech Budejovice (n = 365) based on a questionnaire survey. It can be assumed that those students who reported more physical activity longer than 30 minutes will have a lower BMI. Most respondents dedicated physical activities for at least 30 minutes 1x per week (27.7%). In addition, descending 2 times a week (27.1%), 3 times a week (16.4%), 4 times a week (9.0%), 5 times a week (8.5%). Not once a week does not lean body workout 6.7% of respondents. The smallest age group are respondents...
Monitoring of sports opportunities for people physically handicapped and comparison with an offer for the general population in České Budějovice
V. Kursová, P. Požárek
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):189-194 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.057
The aim is monitoring of sporting opportunities for persons with a physical disability (specifically for wheelchair users) in České Budějovice and their comparison with the possibilities of general population in České Budějovice. Research assignment was: 1. Identify sporting opportunities for general population in chosen location. 2. Perform monitoring of sporting opportunities for people with physical disability (wheelchair users) in the same location. 3. Make the mutual comparison. Among main methods were half-structured interview with responsible workers of every single organization as well as intentional observation. So far we have come into contact...
The impact of compensation excercises on muscle imbalance and movement performance
P. Lopata, J. Broďáni
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):195-201 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.058
The aim of this work was to study the impact of compensation exercises applied during the classes of physical education on the changes in muscle imbalance and on the changes in movement performance. The research file was comprised of 49 students of the freshman year of high school aged 15 to 16 years. The classes were divided into an experimental and a control file. The students were examined by functional tests aimed at the identification of shortened and weakened muscles and abnormal motion stereotypes. The examination included tests of motion capabilities as well. By means of input measurements we have observed a high frequency of muscle imbalance...
The usage of biostimulating light biostimul BS 501 with vertebrogenous diseases
M. Malay, E. Musilová
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):203-207 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.059
Muscle imbalance caused by unilateral spinal load, if it lasts for longer time, causes pain. Our goal is to highlight the positive effects of biostimulating light on pain with vertebrogenic diseases. We selected patients purposefully, the criterion was long-term pain in the spinal area and sedentary profession. The group consisted of 68 patients who received phototherapy daily for 10 days. Results of treatment were evaluated using a visual analog scale. After 10 days, we evaluated the results and found out that phototherapy in addition to other therapy accelerates the withdrawal of pain.
The comparison of intension of loading with two different methods on lectures of aerobics and aquaerobics among students of universities
L. Nagyová, L. Ondrušová, A. Koláriková
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):209-214 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.060
Authors in this contribution are dealing with the comparison evaluation of intension of motion loading among female university students who are studying in a different field, among the lectures of aerobics and aquaerobics. With the comparison of methods of intensity loading during three watched sections and two measurements we found out that small differences of results which we got with objective and subjective method came up in the second measurement. We could see that the results were from comparable more or less identical. This could be seen in the modeled content with the rising range of heart rate, so in the second and third watched section in...
Movement activity and its impact on quality of life from childhood to adulthood
I. Petríková Rosinová, P. Baňarová
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):215-221 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.061
Man past managed daily outdoor exercise, manual labor and movement is an integral part of his life. Today, in the 21st century, we can say that it is the exact opposite of what it was in the past. The current population is due to minimal physical activity is still rising obesity index, which is unfortunately no longer applies and the child population. Obesity is among the serious disease that is associated with other problems, so prevention is an important part, and in early childhood.
Creating and verying of balance exercise file for football players - category U8
P. Požárek, R. Vobr
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):223-228 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.062
The aim of this work was to create a set of balance exercise and to verify their functionality by applying on players. The exercise are intended to lead development or improvement of coordination skills. Set of specialized exercise was created on the basis of input data from the balance board. Testing on different players was performed on 8th April 2013, when we successively tested each player separately during a training session. Final testing was carried out on 10th June 2013. This was a one-group pretest design running from 15th April 2013 till 5th June 2013. The research sample consisted of 14 probands, young football players aged 8 years, U8 category,...
Sport technique and its evaluation by using biomechanical methods in chosen sports and physical activities
V. Psalman
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):229-240 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.063
Author takes care about sport technique in tennis (serve), handball (throw) and about movement technique in human walking. Very precise results were obtained by using three dimensional kinematic analysis and software Simi Motion. The purpose of this study was to bring more information about certain sport techniques fullfiled with concrete spatial, time and velocity characteristics. Chosen microphases of movement were analysed, explained and graphical outputs are a proof of this. Based on this, different types of models can be created and it should be helpful for sport theory and praxis.
Postural stability during pregnancy and its changes
D. Psalmanová, R. Vobr
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):241-244 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.064
Pregnancy is very important life period in which women are more physical inactive than before. Many changes are appeared in pregnant bodies. The level of postural stability gradually decreases which is caused by the shift of the center of gravity forward (increase in weight and volume of abdomen) and the bend spine backward. This was tested by using stabilographic platform SWAY and stability test in standing position for 40 seconds with the aim to keep the center of gravity above the area with a radius of 1 mm. Also, there occur weaker muscle tone and loss of origin strength in postural and other muscles. We recommend adequate physical activity with...
Must triathlon field performance tests reflect triathlon specificity?
J. Seidl, J. Suchý
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):245-249 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.065
Seven female triathletes undergone standard and modified swimming tests (i.e., standalone 800 m free style and 800 m free style 1 minute after 200 m freestyle). Although the times achieved in both tests were significantly different, they were also very strongly correlated. Very strong correlation was also found between times for 200 m free style performed as a part of the modified test and personal best times. Thus also the modified swimming test was suggested to simulate specificity of triathlon (traditional rush to the first buoy) it provides no new information than standard standalone tests.
Use of swimming bench in assessment conditional parameters of water-polo players' during season 2012/2013
J. Suchý, E. Krejčová, P. Krásová, J. Seidl, B. Chrzanowská
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):251-257 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.066
The swimming bench Biokinetic was evaluated for assessment of the fitness of water-polo players. For a group of members of the Czech national team (n = 12, 22.2±5.6 years), basic anthropometry was monitored and a newly proposed dry-land test, simulating game situations and associated with measurement of blood lactate kinetics, was carried out twice, initially during the competitive period and then during the transitional one of the annual training cycle 2012/ 2013. Average power achieved by players on the swim bench 246 W was lower than power reported for swimmers but higher than that for triathletes. Nevertheless, specific power 2.84 W.kg-1...
The Roma minority and specifics of health education
L. Šedová, V. Olišarová, V. Tóthová
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):259-265 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.067
Czech Republic has adopted a number of strategic documents whose purpose is not to discriminate in health care. The largest ethnic groups are the Roma in the Czech Republic. Past studies mapping the health status of the Roma in the Czech Republic and elsewhere in the world describe polymorbidity of the members of this minority. The aim of this study is to describe the current state of knowledge concerning the health of the Roma ethnic group, an analysis of potential health educational practices applicable in the ethnically and culturally diverse groups. A content analysis was used as a method of data processing, which binds to the topic. The results...
Persecution of the national ice hockey team in 1950
A. Švepešová
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):267-278 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.068
The thesis is focused on the specific trial in the Fifties of the twentieth century in Czechoslovakia. Main aim of the thesis is period before the arrest of the Czechoslovak ice hockey team, the course of pre-trial detention and character of trial. The purpose of the thesis is truthful description of the whole incident with focus on oral history, archival sources and newspapers.
Peak performance age at woman tennis players at Grand Slam tournaments and the Olympics games
R. Vobr, D. Psalmanová
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):279-288 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.069
This thesis deals with the age of peak performance female tennis players at the Olympics and the Grand Slam tournaments in the years 1970 - 2011. Based on the collected data, including date of birth of the first eight players in each tournament, the analysis has been made of the age structure at each Grand Slam tournaments and the Olympics. Output data is compiled in tables and graphs. The Wimbledon women quarter final participant distinguish significantly. The average age of 24.7 years in comparison to other tournament significantly higher at the p ≤ 0.01. The youngest are quarter finalists at the Olympic Games of 22.7 years, followed by the French...
Project The mole in the network - system of support in the field of pediatric oncology
T. Vyhlídal
Studia Kinanthropologica 2014, 15(3):289-292 | DOI: 10.32725/sk.2014.070
The allowance is focused of comprehensive care of children with oncological disease through targeted activities of project The mole in the network. The project is implemented within Czech-Slovak cooperation. The chief aim of the project is to create networks of organizations at the level of nonprofit organizations, educational and health organizations and universities that deal with improving the quality of life of children with oncological disease during and after treatment. Through the czech-slovak cooperation we want to create an unique system of exchangeable sojourn programs aimed at adapted physical activity where the children with oncological...